NURUL 'IZZAH BAHARUDIN University Poly-Tech Malaysia (UPTM)
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ACTIVE MINDS, CRITICAL VOICES: LEARNING VIA TPS AND TGS ACTIVITIES
ABSTRACT
This innovation in teaching and learning is grounded in the active learning approach, emphasizing meaningful student engagement through Think–Pair–Share (TPS) and Think–Group–Share (TGS). It responds to the growing need to cultivate critical and analytical thinking among university students, especially in General Studies courses where issues of society, nation, and the world are explored. By integrating individual reflection, peer or group collaboration, and class-wide sharing with reflection, this approach strengthens students’ ability to reason, articulate, and problem-solve.
The effectiveness of this innovation lies in fostering a student-centred, interactive, and inclusive learning environment. Research by Khairiyah Mohd Yusof (2012), Jamsari Alias (2020), Henk G. (2000), as well as recent studies (Guenther et al., 2024; Gómez et al., 2025), demonstrates that active learning enhances critical thinking, promotes equitable participation, and builds resilience in cognitive engagement. Importantly, these activities also help students become better prepared for upcoming topics and train them to think critically before depending on AI assistance. As such, this innovation has strong potential to positively impact teaching and learning by equipping students to critically evaluate information, construct sound arguments, and apply knowledge to address real-world challenges.
The activities are conducted in a structured sequence, with lecturers acting as facilitators to guide reflection and ensure effective learning outcomes. Early results show that students not only gain confidence in expressing their ideas but also demonstrate stronger reasoning, improved collaboration, and the ability to generate creative contributions relevant to societal needs. Overall, this innovation aligns with the theme of educational advancement and contributes to producing university graduates who are creative, critical, and competitive.
Keywords: Active Learning, General Studies, Think-Pair-Share, Think-Group-Share
